During what condition would one expect increased soil erosion rates?

Increased soil erosion rates are most expected during conditions of high rainfall intensity. When heavy rainfall occurs, especially if it is concentrated over a short period, the sheer volume and speed of water can surpass the soil's capacity to absorb it. This can lead to surface runoff, which has the potential to dislodge and transport soil particles. The force of the water can erode the surface layers of the soil, particularly if the soil is already compromised due to factors such as limited vegetation cover or poor soil structure.

High vegetation cover, on the other hand, plays a crucial role in stabilizing soil and reducing erosion by shielding the ground from the impact of raindrops, enhancing infiltration through root systems, and helping to bind the soil together. Drought conditions typically lead to the drying and cracking of soil, which can render it more vulnerable to wind erosion rather than water erosion. Moderate temperature fluctuations do not generally have a direct impact on erosion rates compared to the effects of rainfall intensity, although extreme temperature changes can affect soil structure over time. Thus, the relationship between high rainfall intensity and increased soil erosion rates is well established and significant.