Water quality standards must include provisions for:

Water quality standards play a crucial role in protecting and preserving the integrity of state waters. This involves not only preventing pollution but also ensuring that water bodies maintain their ecological health and functional integrity over time.

Choosing the option that refers to restoring and maintaining the integrity of state waters is essential because it acknowledges the need for comprehensive management of water resources. This encompasses physical, chemical, and biological factors that contribute to overall water health, ensuring that ecosystems remain balanced and able to support diverse forms of life.

Moreover, effective water quality standards must be adaptable, promoting restoration efforts in addition to preventive measures. This double approach is vital for the long-term sustainability and resilience of aquatic environments, allowing for recovery from past degradation while also safeguarding against future threats.

In contrast, the other choices focus on limited or potentially harmful objectives that could undermine broader water quality goals, such as only addressing biological integrity or allowing pollution, which contradicts the aim of water quality management.