What is the effect of rill erosion on soil?

Rill erosion significantly impacts soil by concentrating flow, which leads to the formation of small channels. As water runs over the surface of the soil, it can carve out narrow, temporary channels called rills. These channels can increase in number and depth, particularly on sloped or disturbed land where vegetation is sparse, allowing more water to flow rapidly down the slope. This process of channel formation contributes to further erosion as the concentrated flow can remove soil particles more effectively than diffuse flow. In addition, the development of rills can alter the surface hydrology of the area, potentially creating pathways for water that lead to greater soil loss and degradation over time.

Other options do not accurately describe the outcome of rill erosion; for instance, the formation of wide flat areas is typically associated with sediment deposition rather than erosion processes. The idea that rill erosion retains moisture also contrasts with reality, as increased erosion can lead to reduced soil stability and faster drainage, diminishing moisture retention. Lastly, while healthy soil typically supports plant growth, rill erosion depletes soil quality and depth, which can actually hinder plant development.