Which type of soil erosion dislodges the most sediment?

Gully erosion dislodges the most sediment because it typically occurs when water runs through small streams, resulting in the formation of deeper channels or gullies. This process can lead to significant soil loss, as the volume of water can increase rapidly, carrying a large amount of sediment over a relatively short period. The power of flowing water in these established channels contributes to the erosion of larger quantities of soil compared to other types.

Sheet erosion involves a thin layer of soil being removed uniformly across a large area, making it less impactful in terms of total sediment dislodged. Rill erosion also leads to sediment loss but is generally limited to smaller, earlier stages of erosion where shallow channels form. Wind erosion, while capable of transporting sediment, often affects sandy or loose soils rather than dislodging the substantial amounts of sediment seen in gully erosion. Thus, gully erosion is the most severe in terms of sediment dislodgment among the options presented.